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Android Development Setup

Complete guide to setting up Android development environment for React Native

Android Development Setup

This guide covers Android development setup for macOS, Windows, and Linux.

Official Reference: This guide follows the official Expo environment setup for Development Builds.

Prerequisites

  • Node.js: Version 20+ installed (LTS recommended)
  • Package Manager: Yarn (recommended) or npm
  • Disk Space: ~10GB free disk space for Android Studio and SDKs

macOS Setup

Install Java Development Kit (JDK 17)

React Native currently recommends JDK 17. We use Homebrew to install it.

brew install --cask zulu@17

Configure JAVA_HOME

Add the following to your ~/.zshrc (or ~/.bash_profile):

export JAVA_HOME=/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/zulu-17.jdk/Contents/Home

Reload your shell configuration:

source ~/.zshrc

Verify installation:

javac -version # Should output javac 17.x.x

Install Android Studio

  1. Download and install Android Studio.
  2. Start Android Studio and follow the Setup Wizard.
  3. Select Standard installation type when prompted.

Android Studio Installation Wizard

  1. Ensure the following components are selected and installed:
    • Android SDK
    • Android SDK Platform
    • Android Virtual Device

Install Android SDK & Tools

  1. Open Android Studio.

  2. Go to More ActionsSDK Manager (or SettingsLanguages & FrameworksAndroid SDK).

  3. In the SDK Platforms tab:

    • Check Show Package Details (bottom right).
    • Expand Android 15 (VanillaIceCream) (or the latest stable version).
    • Check Android SDK Platform 35.
    • Check Google APIs ARM 64 v8a System Image (for Apple Silicon) or Intel x86 Atom_64 System Image (for Intel Macs).
  4. In the SDK Tools tab:

    • Check Show Package Details.
    • Expand Android SDK Build-Tools.
    • Ensure 35.0.0 (or latest) is checked.

Android SDK Platforms Selection

  1. Click Apply to download and install selected components.

Configure Environment Variables

Add the following lines to your ~/.zshrc or ~/.bash_profile to help React Native find your Android SDK:

export ANDROID_HOME=$HOME/Library/Android/sdk export PATH=$PATH:$ANDROID_HOME/emulator export PATH=$PATH:$ANDROID_HOME/platform-tools

Reload your shell:

source ~/.zshrc

Verify variables:

echo $ANDROID_HOME # Output should be: /Users/your_username/Library/Android/sdk

Windows Setup

Install Java Development Kit (JDK 17)

We recommend using Chocolatey to install JDK 17. Open PowerShell as Administrator and run:

choco install -y microsoft-openjdk17

Install Android Studio

  1. Download and install Android Studio.
  2. During installation, select Standard and ensure these are checked:
    • Android SDK
    • Android SDK Platform
    • Android Virtual Device

Install Android SDK & Tools

  1. Open Android Studio.
  2. Go to More ActionsSDK Manager.
  3. In the SDK Platforms tab:
    • Check Show Package Details.
    • Expand Android 15 (VanillaIceCream).
    • Check Android SDK Platform 35.
    • Check Google APIs Intel x86 Atom_64 System Image.
  4. In the SDK Tools tab:
    • Check Show Package Details.
    • Expand Android SDK Build-Tools.
    • Ensure 35.0.0 is checked.
  5. Click Apply to install.

Configure Environment Variables

  1. Open Windows SettingsSystemAboutAdvanced system settings.
  2. Click Environment Variables.
  3. Under User variables, click New:
    • Variable name: ANDROID_HOME
    • Variable value: %LOCALAPPDATA%\Android\Sdk
  4. Find the Path variable in User variables, select it, and click Edit.
  5. Click New and add:
    Plaintext
    %LOCALAPPDATA%\Android\Sdk\platform-tools
  6. Click OK to save all changes.

Linux Setup

Install Java Development Kit (JDK 17)

Ubuntu/Debian:

sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install openjdk-17-jdk

Verify:

java -version

Install Android Studio

  1. Download Android Studio.
  2. Extract the .tar.gz file (e.g., to /usr/local/ or /opt/).
  3. Run android-studio/bin/studio.sh.
  4. Follow the setup wizard and select Standard install.

Configure Environment Variables

Add to ~/.bashrc or ~/.zshrc:

export ANDROID_HOME=$HOME/Android/Sdk export PATH=$PATH:$ANDROID_HOME/emulator export PATH=$PATH:$ANDROID_HOME/platform-tools

Reload shell:

source ~/.bashrc